Progress of gene alterations and molecular typing of peripheral T-cell lymphoma / 白血病·淋巴瘤

Peripheral T-cell lymphoma (PTCL) is a group of heterogeneous malignant tumors with poor prognosis, with a lack of standard treatment regimen and poor efficacy of traditional chemotherapy. Therefore, finding new and more effective therapeutic targets to improve the efficacy of PTCL is an urgent clinical problem. In recent years, as the exploration of PTCL at the genetic and molecular levels has intensified, novel therapeutic targets based on gene alterations and molecular typing have been identified. This article summarizes the research progress of main gene alterations and molecular typing of PTCL in recent years.

Beneficial Effects and Potential Mechanisms of Tai Chi on Lower Limb Osteoarthritis: A Biopsychosocial Perspective / 中国结合医学杂志

Lower limb osteoarthritis (OA) is a chronic, multifactorial disease characterized by impaired physical function, chronic pain, compromised psychological health and decreased social functioning. Chronic inflammation plays a critical role in the pathophysiology of OA. Tai Chi is a type of classical mind-body exercise derived from ancient Chinese martial arts. Evidence supports that Tai Chi has significant benefits for relieving lower limb OA symptoms. Using a biopsychosocial framework, this review aims to elucidate the beneficial effects of Tai Chi in lower limb OA and disentangle its potential mechanisms from the perspective of biology, psychology, and social factors. Complex biomechanical, biochemical, neurological, psychological, and social mechanisms, including strengthening of muscles, proprioception improvement, joint mechanical stress reduction, change of brain activation and sensitization, attenuation of inflammation, emotion modulation and social support, are discussed.

Effect of Buyang Huanwutang on Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 Antioxidant Signaling Pathway in Rats with Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo study the effect of Buyang Huanwutang on Kelch-like Ech-related protein 1 （Keap1）/nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 （Nrf2）/heme oxygenase-1 （HO-1） antioxidant signaling pathway in rats with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis （IPF） and explore the mechanism of this prescription in the treatment of IPF. MethodForty SPF-grade male SD rats were assigned into a sham operation group， a model group， a Buyang Huanwutang group， and a nintedanib group according to random number table method， with 10 rats in each group. IPF rat model was established by intratracheal infusion of bleomycin （0.005 g·kg-1） in other groups except the sham operation group. Buyang Huanwutang group was administrated with Buyang Huanwutang (14.84 g·kg-1)，intragastric administration of nitedanib suspension (0.1 g·kg-1)，sham operation group and model group were given equal volume of normal saline， for 28 days. After lung function test， serum and lung tissue samples were collected. Hematoxylin-eosin （HE） staining and Masson trichrome staining were employed to observe the pathological changes of the lung tissue. The content of hydroxyproline （HYP） in lung tissue was detected. The levels of malondialdehyde （MDA） in serum and lung tissue， and the activities of superoxide dismutase （SOD）， glutathione peroxidase （GSH-Px） and catalase （CAT） were determined. The mRNA and protein levels of Keap1， Nrf2， and HO-1 was determined by Real-time fluorescent quantitative polymerase chain reaction， immunohistochemical staining， and Western blot. ResultCompared with the sham operation group， the modeling increased the resistance and elasticity and decreased the compliance of respiratory system （P<0.01）， elevated the lung index， pathological score， and HYP content in lung tissue （P<0.01）， and enriched MDA in serum and lung tissue， while it decreased the activities of SOD， GSH-Px， and CAT （P<0.01）. Furthermore， the modeling down-regulated the mRNA and protein levels of Keap1 and up-regulated those of Nrf2 and HO-1 in lung tissue （P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， Buyang Huanwutang decreased the resistance and elasticity and increased the compliance of respiratory system （P<0.01）， lowered the lung index， pathological score， and HYP content in lung tissue （P<0.01）， and reduced MDA in serum and lung tissue， while it increased the activities of SOD， GSH-Px， and CAT （P<0.01）. Additionally， Buyang Huanwutang down-regulated the expression of Keap1 and up-regulated that of Nrf2 and HO-1 in lung tissue （P<0.05， P<0.01）. ConclusionBuyang Huanwutang can activate Keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 signaling pathway to enhance the antioxidant capacity and slow down the pathological process of IPF in rats.

Molecular Mechanism of Jingfang Mixture Against H1N1 Influenza Based on Network Pharmacology and Experimental Verification / 中国实验方剂学杂志

ObjectiveTo predict the potential targets and mechanism of Jingfang mixture in the treatment of H1N1 influenza and provide references for clinical application of Jingfang mixture. MethodThe active components and targets of Jingfang mixture against H1N1 influenza were screened out by Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform（TCMSP），SwissTargetPrediction， and TargetNet. The targets of H1N1 influenza were obtained from GeneCards，Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man （OMIM）， and DisGeNET and standardized by UniProt KB. The intersection targets were obtained by Venny 2.1.0. The "drug-component-target" network was constructed with Cytoscape 3.2.1 and analyzed for the topological attributes. The intersection targets were uploaded to STRING 11.5 to obtain the protein-protein interaction （PPI） network. Gene Ontology （GO） enrichment analysis and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes （KEGG） analysis were carried out by Metascape. Finally，the top active components ranked by degree were docked to the core targets by Autodock vina and visually analyzed by PyMOL. Balb/c female rats were used for experimental verification. Hematoxylin-eosin（HE） staining was used to observe the pathological changes in lung tissues. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）was used to detect the levels of tumor necrosis factor-α（TNF-α），interleukin-10（IL-10）， and interleukin-17（IL-17）. Real-time fluorescence-based quantitative polymerase chain reaction（Real-time PCR） and Western blot were used to detect the mRNA and protein expression levels in lung tissues. ResultThere were 144 active components in Jingfang mixture. A total of 421 target genes of Jingfang mixture and 2 956 targets of H1N1 influenza were identified，including 199 common targets. Topological analysis showed that the core components of Jingfang mixture against H1N1 influenza included quercetin，luteolin， and kaempferol，and the core targets included prostaglandin-endoperoxide synthase 2（PTGS2），estrogen receptor alpha（ESR1），inducible nitric oxide synthase 2（iNOS2），peroxisome proliferator-activated receptorγ（PPARγ），and cyclooxygenase-1（PTGS1）. GO enrichment yielded 697 items in biological process （BP） （P<0.01）， 59 items in molecular function （MF）（P<0.01）， and 21 items in cellular component （CC） （P<0.01）. A total of 132 signaling pathways （P<0.01） were obtained by KEGG enrichment analysis， including phosphatidylinositol 3-kinases（PI3K）/protein kinase B（Akt） signaling pathway and mitogen-activated protein kinase（MAPK） signaling pathway，most of which were related to the regulation of immune inflammation. Molecular docking showed that the binding energy of the active components of Jingfang mixture to the core targets was less than -5.0 kcal·mol-1，indicating good binding activity. HE staining showed that the lung tissues were significantly improved after drug intervention，and Real-time PCR and Western blot showed that Jingfang mixture could reduce the mRNA and protein expression of PI3K and Akt in lung tissues. ConclusionJingfang mixture can play an anti-viral effect against the influenza A virus through multiple components，multiple targets， and multiple pathways. The active components quercetin，luteolin， and kaempferol may control the inflammation and regulate immunity on the PI3K/Akt，MAPK， and other signaling pathways by acting on targets such as PTGS2，ESR1，iNOS2，PPARγ， and PTGS1.

The Expression and Function of NK Cells in Patients with Acute Myeloid Leukemia / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To explore the expression characteristics of antigens and functional markers of natural killer (NK) cells in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML).@*METHODS@#Multi-parameter flow cytometry was used to detect NK cell surface markers and their functional indicators in 56 newly diagnosed AML patients and 24 healthy controls, including activating receptors NKG2D, NKP46, DNAM-1, and killing indicators granzyme B, perforin.@*RESULTS@#Referring to the WHO hematopoiesis and lymph tissue tumor classification criteria, 56 cases were roughly divided into three types: AML M1, M2, and M4/M5. However, there was no differences about NK cells among the three types, so it was no longer subdivided. NK cells were divided into two groups: CD3-CD56hiCD16- (CD56hiNK) and CD3-CD56dimCD16+ (CD56dimNK). Compared with CD56dimNK cell population, except for NKP46, the positive expression levels of NKG2D and other receptors of CD56hiNK cells in AML patients decreased (P<0.001). Compared with healthy controls, the proportion of CD56hiNK cells in AML patients increased, while the number and proportion of NK cells and proportion of CD56dimNK cells significantly decreased (P<0.05). The proportion of perforin in CD56hiNK cells significantly increased (P<0.05). The expression of DNAM-1 in CD56hiNK cells, NKG2D, DNAM-1, and perforin in CD56dimNK cells decreased significantly (P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in expression of other functional indexes in AML patients compared with corresponding indexes of healthy controls. In addition, the proportion of CD56hiNK cells was positively correlated with the expression of CD34+ in AML (r=0.303).@*CONCLUSION@#Compared with CD56dimNK, the ratio of CD56hiNK and the expression of functional markers in AML patients are lower. Compared with healthy controls, the number and expression ratio of NK cells in AML patients decrease and the expression of functional markers is abnormal, indicating that its function is impaired.

Dynamic changes of the PGAM1 expression in the mouse testis exposed to single heat stress / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the expression of phosphoglycerate mutase 1 (PGAM1) in the mouse testis after exposure to single heat stress (SHS).@*METHODS@#We randomly assigned 32 C57 male mice to an SHS (n = 16) and a control group (n = 16), the former bathed in water at 43 ℃ and the latter at 25 ℃ for 15 minutes. At 1 and 7 days after exposure, we harvested the testicular tissue for observation of the morphological changes of testicular cells by HE staining and determination of the location and expression of the PGAM1 protein by immunohistochemistry and Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The testis volume of the mice were reduced significantly, the spermatogenic tubules were disorganized, and the cells were reduced in number after heat stress and basically disappeared after 7 days. Immunohistochemistry showed extensive expression of the PGAM1 protein in the testicular spermatogenic tubules of the SHS-exposed mice, significantly higher than in the control group at 1 day after exposure, which was down-regulated in the testis tissue at 7 days, but still markedly higher than that in the control. Western blot exhibited significantly up-regulated expression of the PGAM1 protein after heat stress compared with that in the control group.@*CONCLUSIONS@#The expression of the PGAM1 protein undergoes dynamic changes in the mouse testis after exposed to single heat stress, which is related to heat stress-induced proliferation and division of testicular spermatogenic cells.

Clinical Characteristics and Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Medium and High risk Myelodysplastic Syndrome / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the clinical characteristics and prognosis of patients with medium and high risk myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS).@*METHODS@#97 MDS patients above the age of 60 treated in Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from February 2011 to August 2020 were enrolled. The clinical characteristics and prognosis of the MDS patients with medium risk, high risk or very high risk based on IPSS-R category were retrospectively analyzed. According to the difference of treatment regimes, the patients were divided into the transplantation group, chemotherapy group and other treatment group, and the efficacy among the patients in the 3 groups were analyzed.@*RESULTS@#MDS with excess blast (MDS-EB) in the elderly patients with medium and high risk MDS were the most common, 47.4% of the patients with abnormal chromosome karyotypes, and 23.7% with complex karyotypes (≥3). 97.3% of the patients showed at least one gene mutation, and TP53 mutations were detected in nearly 20% of the patients with medium and high risk. Multivariate analysis showed that IPSS-R category and treatment regimes were the factors affecting the prognosis of elderly patients with medium and high risk MDS. The median overall survival (OS) time of the patients in the 3 groups showed significant difference (P=0.012), and the median OS of the patients in the transplantation group was significantly longer than that in the chemotherapy group and other group (P=0.003,P=0.014,respectively), while there was no significant difference in median OS between chemotherapy group and other treatment group (P=0.685).@*CONCLUSION@#Elderly MDS patients with medium and high risk can benefit from allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, which will prolong their OS.

Correlation between U2AF1 Gene Mutation Characteristics and Clinical Manifestations and Prognosis in Patients with Myelodysplastic Syndrome / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the correlation between U2AF1 gene mutation and clinical manifestations and prognosis in patients with myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS).@*METHODS@#The clinical data of 203 MDS patients who accepted Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) was retrospectively analyzed in Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University from December 2012 to October 2019. According to whether the patients had U2AF1 gene mutation, the patients were divided into U2AF1 mutated group and non-mutated group, and the relationship between gene mutation characteristics and clinical manifestations and prognosis was analyzed. Then according to the difference of the mutation site of U2AF1, the patients in U2AF1 mutated group were divided into U2AF1@*RESULTS@#The incidence of U2AF1 mutation in MDS patients was approximately 11.3% (23/203), and the mutation frequency of U2AF1 allele was 32.5%. The male ratio in U2AF1 mutated group was significantly higher than that in U2AF1 non-mutated group (P=0.001). There was no patient who had complex karyotypes or TP53 gene mutation in U2AF1 mutated group. There were no significant differences in ages, blood parameters, bone marrow blasts, WHO 2016 classification, IPSS-R category, chromosomal abnormalities like del(5q), -7/del(7q), del(20q), +8, and gene mutation like ASXL1, DNMT3A, RUNX1, SF3B1, and SRSF2 mutation between U2AF1 mutated group and the non-mutated group. Compared with the non-mutated group, there was no significant difference in the overall survival time (P=0.377), the time of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) transformation (P=0.681), and the response rate to hypome- thylating agents in U2AF1 mutated group (P=0.556). Besides, no differences were observed in sex, diagnosis age, WHO 2016 classification, IPSS-R category, blood parameters, overall survival time, and AML transformation time between U2AF1@*CONCLUSION@#The U2AF1 gene mutation dose not affect the survival time, AML transformation time, and response rate to hypomethylating agents in MDS patients. Besides, there are no statistical differences in the clinical characteristics and prognosis of MDS patients between U2AF1

Correlation of Peripheral Blood T Lymphocyte Subsets with Prognosis of Elderly Patients with Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma / 中国实验血液学杂志

OBJECTIVE@#To investigate the expression level of T lymphocyte subsets in elderly patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), and to evaluated the prognostic value of T lymphocytic abnormalities in elderly NDMM patients.@*METHODS@#Pretreated peripheral blood of 39 newly diagnosed elder patients with MM was tested by multi-parameter flow cytometry (MFC) to quantitatively detect T lymphocyte subsets, including CD4T cell, CD8T cell, and CD4/CD8 ratio. The prognostic values T-lymphocyte subset were evaluated in newly diagnosed elderly patients with MM.@*RESULTS@#The median follow-up time was 21.5 (range, 3.0-66.0) months. Absolute counts of CD4T cell and CD4/CD8 ratio positively correlated with prognosis. In the multivariate COX analysis, lower CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4T cell counts were identified to be independent adverse prognostic factors for OS.@*CONCLUSION@#Lower CD4/CD8 ratio and CD4T cell counts at initial diagnosis are independent unfavorable prognostic factors for elderly patients with MM, and T lymphocyte subsets are crucial indicators for MM patients' prognosis.

Study of the thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa / 针灸推拿医学（英文版）

Objective:By applying moxibustion to the eight confluent points in different periods of time,to observe the changes in thermal pain threshold latency of acupoints based on Fei Teng Ba Fa.Methods:A total of 468 healthy college student volunteers received moxibustion at the eight confluent points in three different periods of time,i.e.Chen (7:00-9:00),Wu (11:00-13:00) and Xu (19:00-21:00).The thermal pain threshold latency was adopted to measure the changes in pain threshold of the eight confluent points under different conditions (different periods of time,different genders,different acupoints and different states of the acupoints) based on Fei Teng Ba Fa.Results:Finally,thirty subjects dropped out and 438 subjects were included.The comparison of thermal pain threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in the same opening or closing state based on Fei Teng Ba Fa:latencies of the closing points and adjunct points were significantly different in different periods of time (P＜0.05);the latencies of the males were significantly longer than those of the females (P＜0.05);there was no significant difference in the latency between the left and right sides (P＞0.05);in the female group,there was a significant difference in the latency between the lower-limb points and the upper-limb points (P＜0.05).The comparison of thermal point threshold latencies of the eight confluent points in different opening or closing state:in the period of Wu (11:00-13:00),the latencies of the opening points were significantly longer than those of the closing points and adjunct points (P＜0.05);for men,their opening and closing points had significantly longer thermal pain threshold latencies than their adjunct points (P＜0.05);despite the gender,the latencies of the upper limb opening and closing points were significantly longer than the latency of the adjunct points (P＜0.05);in the female group,the latencies of the lower-limb opening points were significantly shorter than those of the lower-limb closing and adjunct points (P＜0.05).Conclusion:Based on Fei Teng Ba Fa,the pain thresholds of the eight confluent points vary in different periods of time,gender,acupoint location and opening/closing state,which can be taken as the evidence of making time-based acupuncture-moxibustion prescriptions.

A study on the evaluation of medical equipment allocation depended on evidence-based and decision-making tree / 中国医学装备

Objective: To establish a scientific and efficient management mechanism depended on evidence-based and decision-making tree in order to improve the allocation of medical equipment asset that is a important work in modern governmental hospital. Methods: According to the current analysis for the decision-making process of asset allocation to propose the existed problem. And then these problems were analyzed by introduced management theory. At the same time, the efficient management tool was used as the decision-making method. Results: Through the combination of evidence-based and decision-making tree, a normalization, elaborate and operable decision-making method was formulated. And through analyzing concrete case to verify the decision-making process. These results indicated that this method has a certain feasibility. Conclusion: The method achieves elaboration, normalization and datamation for process and key point, and it weakens the subjective factors. Besides, it can obtain more accurate decision results through information collection and selection. Therefore, this method has a certain feasibility and generalization performance.

Effect of inflammatory factor and neurotransmitter of Yizhi Xingnao Fang combined with western medicine for patients with alzheimer's disease / 中国免疫学杂志

Objective:To study the effect of inflammatory factor and neurotransmitter of Yizhi Xingnao Fang combined with western medicine for patients with alzheimer's disease. Methods:124 cases alzheimer's patients from October 2014 to October 2016 were divided into observation group and control group,the control group given donepezil etc conventional western medicine therapy,ob-servation group given Yizhi Xingnao Fang combinde with western medicine therapy. 12 weeks after treatment,cerebrospinal fluid in-flammatory factors,neurotransmitter and clinical efficacy were compared between two groups. Results:Observation group effective rate 80.65% was significantly higher than control group 64.52% (X2= 4.052 9,P<0.05);cerebrospinal fluid TNF-α,IL-6 were significantly lower than control group,IL-4,IL-10 were significantly higher than control group (t=10.911,8.739,5.000,4.046,P<0.05,P<0.01);DA,5-HT,NE were significantly higher than control group(t=9.435,7.916,5.985,P<0.05,P<0.01). Conclusion:Yizhi Xingnao Fang combined with western medicine therapy help to improve the clinical symptoms and therapeutic effect,which may be related to the suppression of inflammatory symptoms,regulation of neurotransmitter expression level.

Application of the "buddy-in-jail" technique during percutaneous coronary intervention:choice of wire and artery / 中国介入心脏病学杂志

Objective To evaluate the efficacy of the ' buddy-in-jail ' technique applied to complex coronary artery lesions during percutaneous coronary intervention.Methods A total of 12640 PCI cases from 4 different hospitals admitted between June 2014 to June 2017 were reviewed. Among them, the balloons or stents were unable to be delivered into the lesions in 25 cases. The "buddy-in-jail"technique was applied in 21 of these 25 cases. According to the guidewires used, the 21 cases were divided into the hydrophilic coated guidewire group(n=9) and non-hydrophilic coated guidewire group(n=21). The rates of procedural success and complications were compared between the 2 groups.Results 18 cases(18/21)were successfully treated with the "buddy-in-jail " technique. The success rates were similar between patients using the same artery(9/11) as the "buddy" vessel patients using other arteries(9/10) (P=0.593). Procedural success rates were also similar between patients using hydrophilic-coated guidewires (7/9) and non- hydrophilic coated guidewires(11/12)(P=0.386). All the wires were successfully taken out without complication.Conclusions "Buddy-in-jail" technique offers a potential alternative approach for patients with difflculty in delivering the balloon or stent to the target lesion.

Safety analysis of atrial septal defect closure using Da Vinci surgical system / 医疗卫生装备

Objective To analyze the safety of atrial septal defect closure using Da Vinci surgical system. Methods Totally 23 atrial septal defect patients hospitalized from July to December 2016 underwent atrioseptopexy by using Da Vinci surgical system. The effect of atrioseptopexy was observed under cardiopulmonary bypass conditions. Results All the patients had the operation completed successfully, with the operating time being (2.8 ±0.5)h, the intraoperative cardiopulmonary bypass time being (35.4±18.4)min, aortic clamping time being (25.9±8.4)min, postoperative mechanical ventilation time being (5.7±1.5)h, amount of thoracic drainage fluid from 50 to 300 ml and postoperative hospital stay being (7 ±5.1)d. The follow-up 1 and 3 months after discharge showed there were no complications and death occurred, and the examinations by chest X-ray film and heart color ultrasound found no abnormality. Conclusion Da Vinci surgical system gains advantages in safety, reliability, patient satisfaction, operative incision and surgical trauma, and thus is worthy promoting clinically.

Simulation research on gastric emptying measurement experiment by electrical impedance tomography with three-layer electrodes / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To verify the effectiveness of electrical impedance tomography (EIT) with multi-layer electrodes in gastric emptying measurement by simulation experiments using EIT with three-layer electrodes.Methods Firstly,EIT system with three-layer electrodes and gastric emptying measurement simulation equipment was designed and constructed to simulate gastric emptying process and obtain EIT reconstruction images.Secondly,the region where the electrical characteristic of gastric changes was selected as region of interest.Finally,the relative impedance change rate in region of interest for every image obtained from all three layers was consecutively recorded,then the gastric emptying curve was formed and gastric emptying time was calculated.Results There are obvious differences among the sharp of impedance change curves of interested region for three layers,and the gastric emptying time and process of each layer is also different from one another.It is suggested that the passing path and emptying manner of food in gastric emptying process reflected by EIT images varied from layer to layer.Therefore,the necessity and feasibility of using EIT with three-layer electrodes in gastric emptying measurement study is verified.Conclusions EIT with three-layer electrodes can provide more abundant information of gastric motility function associated with gastric emptying pathology and physiology state.It is likely to be a noninvasive,convenient and effective imaging method for the detection and evaluation research on gastric emptying and gastric motility.

Research progress on the application of immune checkpoint inhibitors in malignant lymphomas / 中国肿瘤临床

Immune checkpoint inhibitors are members of a class of immune-suppressive molecules that regulate the strength and range of immune responses to avoid normal tissue damage. However, immune checkpoint activity can be stimulated by tumors to es-cape immune surveillance. To elicit anti-tumor effects, immune checkpoint inhibitors can promote the activation of T cells by blocking immune checkpoint proteins. Therefore, these inhibitors can be efficiently and safely used to treat solid tumors. Although the clinical usage of these inhibitors is in the initial stage, they have exhibited good efficacy and safety in lymphoma treatment. This review sum-marizes the biological activities of CTLA-4, PD-1, and PD-L1 and the application of antibodies as drugs for lymphoma treatment.

Therapeutic effect of rosuvastatin on atherosclerosis of apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mice and its mechanism / 吉林大学学报(医学版)

Objective:To explore the influence of rosuvastatin in the lipid levels, atherosclerosis plaque and apoptosis in the plaque of atherosclerotic apolipoprotein E (ApoE)-knockout mouse models, and to clarify the mechanism of rosuvastatin in inhibiting atheromatous plaque and apoptosis in the plaque.Methods:Thirty healthy six-week old male mice were randomly divided into high fat diet group (n=10),rosuvastatin group (n=10)and general diet control group (n=10).The mice in first two groups were fed with high fat diet,and the mice in general diet control group were fed with general diet;4 weeks later the mice in three groups were respectively given 0.9% NaCl solution,rosuvastatin (10 mg·kg·d-1 )and 0.9% NaCl solution by gavage for 8 weeks.And then ELISA was used to detect the serum lipid levels,the area of atherosclerotic plaque was measured by HE staining, and the apoptosis in plaques was detected by TUNEL method;the expression of apoptosis-assoicated gene Bax protein was measured by immunohistochemical staining.Results:Compared with high fat diet group,the levels of total cholesterol (TC)and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)of the mice in rosuvastatin group were significantly decreased (P<0.05 or P<0.01),and the 1evel of high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C)was significantly increased (P<0.01).The aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the mice in high fat diet group was massive with a great quantity of foam cells, cholesterol crystal, necrotic cells and inflammatory cells in the plaque;the aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the mice in rosuvastatin group was smaller with less foam cells,necrotic cells and inflammatory cells;the aortic atherosclerotic plaque area of the mice in rosuvastatin group was significantly smaller than that in high fat diet group (P<0.01);the apoptotic index in the aortic atherosclerotic plaque of the mice in rosuvastatin group was significantly lower than that in high fat diet group (P<0.01).Compared with high fat diet group,the expression of Bax protein in rosuvastatin group was significantly decreased.Conclusion:Rosuvastatin may inhibit the progression of atherosclerotic plaque and the apoptosis in plaques through mitochondrial pathway.

Simulation and model experiment research of multichannel impedance gastric motility measurement / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective To study the phase correlation of cutaneous multichannel impedance measurements and the contractions, peristalsis of stomach and the conduction properties in space.Methods A spiral gastric body model was rotated to simulate shrinkage and creep of the stomach.In order to verify the feasibility and validity of the multichannel impedance gastric dynamic measurement, experiments with emulation of multichannel impedance gastric motility measuring principle were conducted through three-dimensional simulation on the electrical characteristics of gastric body model in saline tank simulator.Results The emulation results showed that the change of epigastric current density and potential distribution is consistent with the course of moving from top to bottom when lateral edge of model (namely the intumescent location when the stomach is full) after detecting electrodes in sequence.Meanwhile, the measurement voltage wave forms clearly showed the contraction location of stomach after the model rotating for three cycles in a row, and the phase relationship between adjacent measurement channels was also measured.The sixty seconds data acquired by the experiment device proved that voltage wave form of three measurement channels corresponded to the phase relationship of movement status of the gastric body model.Conclusions Cutaneous multichannel wave forms prove a cyclical movement of stomach, and phase difference among the multichannel signals relating to speed of peristaltic wave, position of the measuring electrodes and channel spacing, etc.This study provides simulation and experimental basis for explanation of quantitative study of conduction properties in space and phase relationship between the results of surface multichannel impedance measurements and the contractions, peristalsis of stomach.

Impact of measurement resolution and signal-to-noise ratio of EIT system on reconstruction image / 国际生物医学工程杂志

Objective Practical electrical impedance tomography (EIT) system with certain measurement resolution (MR) and signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) differs a lot from ideal simulation conditions in EIT methodology research. The aim of this paper was to study the impact of practical system with different MR and SNR on EIT. Methods Based on the ideal simulation boundary voltages of adjacent excitation and adjacent measurement pattern, practical systems whose MR were 0.1 mV and 0.01 mV, SNR ranged from 40-80 dB and no noises were simulated, simulation study for three imaging models A, B and C with different positions in the to-be imaged field under practical system conditions above was carried out using the combined Tikhonov-NOSER regularization algorithm, and error of reconstruction (ER) function and structure similarity (SSIM) function were adopted for quantitative evaluation of image effect. Results There are differences between images obtained under different MR and SNR for different image models. In order to obtain images for three models, SNR of system should be at least 40-50 dB when MR was 0.01 mV. For the goal to obtain high quality images of A, B and C, SNR should be 80, 70 and 60 dB respectively. When MR was 0.1 mV, SNR for obtaining images of A, B, C were 60, 50 and 40 dB. Moreover, the improvement of images with increasing SNR under MR of 0.1 mV was not as obvious as that of MR at 0.01 mV. Conclusions Blind pursuit of single high SNR is of no help to improve system performance and image reconstruction effect except increasing the difficulties in hardware design. The extremity SNR is 50-60 dB for system with MR of 0.01 mV and 60-70 dB for system with MR of 0.1 mV.

Compatibility Rules of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Prevention and Treatment of Scleroderma Based on Data Mining / 世界科学技术-中医药现代化

This study was aimed to analyze compatibility rules of Chinese drugs and prescription design in the pre-vention and treatment of scleroderma. The database of scleroderma treated by Chinese medicine was set up. And then, association rules were used to analyze the prescription compatibility rules. The results showed the highest fre-quency of drugs in the treatment of scleroderma were Astragalus, Angelica sinensis and Salvia. The tonifying and re-plenishing medicinal, blood-activating and stasis-resolving medicinal and exterior-releasing medicinal were with the highest frequency. The commonly used formula in the treatment of scleroderma was Y ang-He decoction. For herbal groups, occurrence of the highest was the combinations of Ramulus Cinnamomi-Astragalus and Carthamus tinctorius L.-Astragalus. Three kinds of herbals were commonly coupled, such as Polygonum multiflorum Thunb. and Caulis Spatholobi with Salvia, P. multiflorum Thunb. and R. Cinnamomi with Salvia, P. multiflorum Thunb. and Astragalus with Salvia, prepared Radix Rehmanniae and Codonopsis with C. tinctorius L., prepared Radix Rehmanniae and Codonopsis with R. Cinnamomi, Codonopsis and Radix paeoniae rubra with R. Cinnamomi. Four kinds of herbals such as R. Cinnamomi, Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch., Astragalus and Codonopsis were commonly coupled. It was con-cluded that compatibility rules of Chinese medicine in the prevention and treatment of scleroderma laid the founda-tion for herbal medicine selection and prescription design.